Mechanical movement



20, 1942- J. T. MARTIN 2,299,637

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT Filed Aug. 4, 1 941 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Inventor JAMES I 'M AT/N.

A Home Oct. 20, 1942.

Y J. T. MARTIN MECHANICAL MOVEMENT Filed Aug. 4, 1941 .4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Inventor u, 5 JiMEs 7. MART/N A Home Oct. 20, 1942. J. 'r. MARTIN 2,299,637

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT Filed Aug. 4, 1941 4 SheetS- -Sheet 5 Inventor J4ME$ 7.'- MART/N 9 A ttarney Oct. 20, 1942. 'niq 2,299,637

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT Filed Aug. 4, 1941 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

Inventor J'AMEs 7. MART/Iv A Home Patented Oct. 20, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MECHANICAL MOVEMENT James T; Martin, Salinas. Calif. Application August 4, 1941, Serial No. 405,395

8 Claims.

This invention relates to a mechanical movement, the general object of the invention being to provide means for converting a reciprocating motion to a rotational motion, the invention being mainly designed for use with engines and while the drawings show the invention in use on an engine, it is to be understood that the invention can be used in other situations and on other devices.

This invention also consists in certain other features of construction and in the combination and arrangement of the several parts to be hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings and specifically pointed out in the appended claims.

In describing the invention in detail, reference will be had to the accompanying drawings wherein like characters denote like or corresponding parts throughout the several views, and in which:

Figure 1 is an elevational view of an engine constructed in accordance with this invention.

Figure 2 is a vertical partial longitudinal sectional view through the engine.

Figure 3 is a transverse vertical sectional view with parts in elevation and parts broken away.

Figure 4 is an elevational view with parts in section showing how the cranks are connected withthe cross heads attached to the piston rods.

Figure 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of Figure 4.

In these drawings the numeral l indicates a crankcase having the groups of cylinders 2 connected with opposite sides thereof, each cylinder containing a piston 3 and a piston rod 4 is rigidly connected with each piston and passes through packing means 5 in the inner end of a cylinder with the rod connected to a cross head 6 in the crankcase. As will be seen the cylinders are arranged in pairs with one cylinder of a pair on one side of the crankcase and the other cylinder of the pair on the opposite side thereof and the cylinders are in alignment and the piston rods of each pair of cylinders are also in longitudinal alignment with the inner ends of each pair of rods connected to a cross head. The cross heads have tubular portions 1 which slide on polished rods 3 threaded in the crankcase and each cross head has a slot 9 therein through which a wrist pin l passes for sliding movement, the pin having a bushing ll surrounding that part which passes through the cross head. A pair of arms l2 and I3 have circular bearing parts at their outer ends with one bearing part fitting over one end of the pin and the other over the opposite end ofthe pin and these arms are connected by 55* the bearing parts M with the cranks of the shafts I and I 6 which carry the intermeshing gears H, the two shafts rotating in opposite directions but at the same speed. These gears are preferably of the spiral type as shown in Figure 3. Of course, a pair of arms l2 and I3 connect one cross head with the cranks of the two shafts, and the second pair of arms connecting the other cross head with the two shafts. This arrangement causes the reciprocatory movement of the piston rods to be converted into rotary movement of the shafts and the path of movement of each pin i0 takes the form of the figure eight as shown in dotted lines in Figure 4.

With this invention the piston force is applied to the crankshafts with a greater total leverage for a greater length of time during a revolution of the shafts. Any length of stroke, within reason, may be had by either changing the distance between the crankshafts or by changing the length of the connecting rods or arms [2 and I 3 so that the throw of the crankshafts need not e changed. Side thrust on the piston is eliminated, excepting that produced by the cross head bearings. The piston rod is given a high rate of speed or velocity over a large portion of the stroke and when the stroke is equal to one-half of the circumferenceof the crankshaft throw circle, the piston speed will be greater than the circle speed while in the middle of the stroke and will decrease below the circle speed toward the ends of the stroke. The average piston velocity is the same as the crankshaft throw velocity.

A fiy wheel 2| has its shaft connected to a gear 5 2| which meshes with one of the gears H. A

sprocket 22 is connected to the opposite end of a crankshaft and this sprocket operates a chain 23 which passes over the sprockets 24 connected with the cam shafts 25 having the cams 26 thereon for actuating the rods 21 which, in turn, operate the rocker arms 28 for the inlet and outlet valves 29 of the cylinders. Manifolds 30 connect the inlet chambers with carburetors 3|, each having an air cleaner 32 with a throttle valve 33 for controlling the flow mixture to the cylinders and the drawings show the engine provided with supercharger means shown generally at 34 with ports 3:: connecting the inner ends of the cylinders with the supercharger means so that the pistons will compress the charges as it moves inwardly and then these charges are introduced into the cylinders to be compressed on the compression strokes of the pistons with the charges drawn in the cylinders through the inlet valves 29. The superchargersare' connectedby the man ifolds 36 with the other manifolds and each manifold 36 contains a throttle valve 31 which is operated simultaneously or separately with the valves 33. Valves, not shown, are arranged in the superchargers 34 for controlling the ports 35 and these valves are operated by rods 21' and rocker arms 28', these rocker arms 28 being actuated by parts of the rods 21.

An automatic valve 38 operated by suction may be placed in the manifold means as shown in,

Figure 3. The parts can be lubricated in any suitable manner.

It is thought from the foregoing description that the advantages and novel features of the invention will be readily apparent.

It is to be understood that changes may be made in the construction and in the combination and arrangement of the several parts provided that such changes fall within the scope of the appended claims.

When the throw bearings and the main bearings of the two crankshafts are all in the same plane, the two throw bearings will be on the same side of their respective mainbearings. It is possible to time the throw bearings as much as 50 out of phase without destroying the principle.

Having described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

1. A mechanical movement of the class described comprising a reciprocatory member, a cross head connected with the member for movement therewith, a pair of crankshafts, the center line of said reciprocating member being disposed in parallelism to a plane passing through the center lines of said pair of crankshafts, a pair of arms, means for connecting one arm for rotary movement on one crankshaft, means for connecting the other arm for rotary movement to the other crankshaft and a wrist pin movably connected with the cross head and to which the other ends of the arms are journaled.

2.- A mechanical movement of the class described comprising a reciprocatory member, a cross head connected with the member for movement therewith, a pair of crankshafts, the center line of said reciprocating member being disposed in parallelism to a plane passing through the center lines of said pair of crankshafts, a pair of arms, means for connecting one arm for rotary movement on one crankshaft, means for connecting the other arm for rotary movement to the other crankshaft and a wrist pin movably connected with the cross head and to which the other ends of the arms are journaled, and guide means for the crosshead.

3. In a device of the class described, a pair of reciprocatory members, a pair of crankshafts extending between the members and arranged at right angles thereto, the center line of said reciprocating members being disposed in parallelism to a plane passing through the center lines of said pair of crankshafts, a cross head on each reciprocatory member and connected therewith, a wrist pin movably connected with the cross head, a pair of arms having their outer ends journaled on one wrist pin, a second pair of arms having their outer ends journaled on the other wrist pin and means for rotatably connecting one arm of each pair to one crankshaft and the other arm of the pairs to the other crankshaft.

4. In a device of the class described, a pair of reciprocatory members, a pair of crankshafts extending between the members and arranged at right angles thereto, the center line of said reciprocating members being disposed in parallelism to a plane passing through the center lines of said pair of crankshafts, a cross head on each reciprocatory member and connected therewith, a wrist pin movably connected with the cross head, a pair of arms having their outer ends journaled on one wrist pin, a second pair of arms having their outer ends journaled on the other wrist pin and means for rotatably connecting one arm of each pair to one crankshaft and the other arm of the pair to the other crankshaft, gears carried by the crankshafts and meshing with each other for causing the shafts to rotate in opposite directions but at the same speed.

5. A mechanical movement of the class described comprising a reciprocatory member, a cross head connected with the member for movement therewith, a pair of crankshafts, the center line of said reciprocating member being disposed in parallelism to a plane passing through the center lines of said pair of crankshafts, a pair of arms, means for connecting one arm for rotary movement on one crankshaft, means for connecting the other arm for rotary movement to the other crankshaft, and a wrist pin movably connected with the cross head and to which the other ends of the arms are journaled, intermeshing gears carried by the shafts for causing the shafts to rotate in opposite directions but at the same speed.

6. In an engine of the clas described, a crankcase, a pair of crankshafts therein, intermeshing gears connecting the shafts together for causing the shafts to rotate in different directions but at the same speed, oppositely arranged cylinders attached to opposite sides of the crankcase, pistons in the cylinders, rods connected with the pistons and passing into the crankcase, a cross head connected with each aligned pair of piston rods, a wrist pin movably carried by each cross head, a pair of arms having the outer ends journaled on one wrist pin, a second pair of arms having their outer ends journaled on the other wrist pin, means for rotatably connecting the inner ends of one arm of each pair to one crankshaft and the other arms of the pair to the other crankshaft.

7. In an engine of the class described, a crankcase, a pair of crankshafts therein, intermeshing gears connecting the shafts together for causing the shafts to rotate in different directions but at the same speed, oppositely arranged cylinders attached to opposite sides of the crankcase, pistons in the cylinders, rods connected with the pistons and passing into the crankcase, a cross head connected with each aligned pair of piston rods, a wrist pin movably carried by each cross head, a pair of arms having the outer ends journaled on one Wrist pin, a second pair of arms having their outer end journaled on the other wrist pin, means for rotatably connecting the inner ends of one arm of each pair to one crankshaft and the other arm of the pair to the other crankshaft, guide means for the cross head.

8. A mechanical movement of the class described comprising a reciprocatory member, a pair of crankshafts, the center line of said reciprocating member being disposed in parallelism to a plane passing through the center lines of said pair of crankshafts, a pair of arms, means for rotatably connecting one arm to one crankshaft, means for rotatably connecting the other arm to the other crankshaft and means for pivotally connecting the other ends of the arms to the reciprocatory member.

JAMES T. MARTIN. 

